Carburetor



Sept. 27,- 1927.

L. L. 'VIEVL .CARBURETOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 17. 1922 Se pt.- 27 1927. V

- L. L'. VIEL,

OARBURETOR Filed Feb. 17; 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 27,1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS miou VIEL, or mnmncoun'r, r'naucn.

cmunmon.

Application filed February 17, 1922, Serial No. 537,202, and in I'rance July 15, 1921.

It'is generally admitted. that the regula- It has also been previously proposed in tion of carburetors of internal combustion one type of carburetor to obturate the air engines should be carried out in such a manadmission passa at the moment when the 65 ner that the consumption of fuel may be as throttle is opene to give the maximum mixlimited as possible, while permitting a satisture admission. But this operation has factory running of the vehicle. heretofore been inevitably effected at the end On the other hand, it is well-known that of the opening of the throttle, without any 'the full power of an internal combustion transition or any intimation being given 0 engine can be obtained only with a superthat the phase of maximum flow or car-- 10 carburation of the mixture to an extent of bureted mixture for normal feed has been about 10 to 12% in excess of the normal attained and the phase of super-carburation carburation, and that a. super-carbureted has commenced by reason of the obturating mixture likewise gives more suppleness to of the-primary air suppl ,whereas in a car- 66 the engine in abrupt changes of working. buretor arranged accor ing to the present 15 The present invention consists in improveinvention,.ow1ng to the resistance of the ments in carburetors of the kind in which a interposed elastic element, a warnin is primary air supply is normally mixed with forthcoming that a transition stage has %een the fuel before this mixes with the main reached. Z0

air supply and more especially in such car- The following description with regard to buretors as have a primary air passage travthe annexed drawing, given by way of exersing the spraying nozzle, the primary air am le, will clearly explain the manner in' supply being regulated or cut off by a valve which the invention is carried out:

controlled by the movement of the throttle. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing 7 The improvements comprise means that ena carburetor provided with the super-car- 2 able a driver, as soon as he has opened the bureting device, embodying the invention.

throttle sufliciently to admit to the mduction Fig.- 2 is a view showing the carburetor v pipe the maximum amount of carbureted device in operation. mixture that can pass through the difiuser In the arrangement shown in the fi res 80 for normal feed, to furnish immediately the a carburetor havin a fuel chamber of Super-carbureted mixture, necessary in any constant level U- is provided with an case where it is desired to obtain either a atomizing or spray nozzle A, constructed in great suppleness or the full power of an the usual manner with an air admission conen 'ne. duit or passage C producing, as is known: as

o produce super-carburation, the driver 1. An influx of gasoline into a diffuser E has to open the throttle to a further extent at the instant of picking up.

and in doing so will cause the primary air 2. A check atv the outlet of the liquid in admission passage to be obturated automatiproportion to the speed of the engine. cally, the further opening being effected Thls check is established by the velocity against the resistance of an'elastic element of the air issuing through the calibrated 40' which constitutes a stop to or a division beholes T at the same time asthe gasoline; tween the phase of the free opening movethe emulsion thus formed passes into a difment of the throttle for normal working and fuser E after flowing through an annular the phase of an opposed extended opening channel S surrounding the nozzle. 86 for super-carburation. It has already been As an accessory, there is shown in the figproposed in carburetors to obturate the priures a slow speed nozzle X, of which a pasinary air passage to produce super-carburasage Y regulated by a valve Z opens into 9. tion, but this obturation has been effected main induction pipe F above a throttle H.

concurrently with the opening movement of Slow running1 may, moreover, be provided the throttle, in order that the variation in for by any 0t er sultable known system that the feed which results should make only one can be associated with the device, the object hase with the variationdue to the change of the present invention.

in the opening of the throttle. It is known that in a nozzle such as A as soon as the momentary effort is made by the extent of the restriction delivery of gasoline by the air admission. device 0 depends 1. On the section of the calibrated holes T.

2. On the quantity of air through these openings.

In the construction shown in the figures, the air penetrating into the interior of the nozzle by the passage 0 comes from two distinct sources; one, invariable and constant is determined by a calibrated opening D, the other is constituted by an openin M. A controlling agent, such as a valve is provided in thepassage C. r The device permits of eliminating the air feed sup lied by the opening M. To this end, an o turating member, such as a needle valve K, is arranged above the opening M and a pull-ofl spring L keeps it normally raised. If the upper end of the needle valve K be pressed down, the latter comes to rest against the opening M, as seen in Fig. 2, and the quantity-of air passing through the holes T is diminished, from which there results an additional influx of gasoline into the diffuser E and, consequently, the desired effect of super-carburation.

Normally, the atomizer nozzle, A, fed

from the constant level chamber B, delivers an emulsion of normal proportions. The

"carburetor functions under the usual conditions between the closing position of the throttle (Fig. 1) and the position shown by the dotted lines w'in Fig. 2. The position a: of the throttle correspondsto'the maximum admission of the carbureted air., In fact the area of the throttled opening at thisinstant in the pipe or passage-F is much greater than the area of the annular section allowed by the nozzle A at the restricted point of the diffuser E.

When the throttle occupies the position a an arm I carried by the operating shaft R of the throttle H comes to rest on the head of theneedle valve-K, as shown b dotted lines, in Figi2. The [spring L o ering a strong resistance, the turning'of' the throttle is stopped at this point, which, at the same-time, indicates'to the driver in a satisfactory manner that the carburetor is at this instant admitting full normal mixture.

Ifit is desired to produce super-carburation, it will simply be necessaryto overcome the resistance of the spring L so as to bring the throttle into the position indicated by the full lines, Fig. 2. The extremity of the arm I bearing on the needle valve K causes the latter to close the opening M, as seen in Fi 2. The nozzle A will then deliver an ad itional quantity of gasoline. Conversely,

the engine, the throttle valve is brought into the position .22, without it being neces sa to proceed to any tentative measures. t is o vious that, without departing from modifications of individual parts. The obturator or valve K might be actuated by any device other than the arm I. For in stance, the obturator might be actuated by another part not connected directly tothe placed on the the limits of the invention, there may be stant level chamber, a fuel nozzle having a fuel feeding orifice below the level maintained .in the constant level chamber, a U- shapedair conduit having one arm opening into-the interior of the said nozzle at a point above the maintained fuel level and the other arm opening into the atmosphere, an

air inlet permanentl open to the atmos phere in the said u-s apedconduit situated at the lower extremity of the first mentioned .arm, normally' opened means associated with ing an air inlet, a mixture. outlet and a throttle valve in the said outlet.- and a con 7 stant level chamber, a fuel nozzle having a fuel feeding orifice below the level malntained in the constant level chamber, a U- the other arm opening into the atmosphere,

an airinlet permanently. open to the at mos'phere in the said U-shaped'conduit situated at the lowerextremity of the first mentioned arm, a valve for closing the orifiee in the said second arm, the saidvalve I being'normally biased by a. spring .to the open position, and a lever on the shaft of the said throttle valve adapted to move the 'said' spring controlled' valve to closed posi tion'when the said throttle valve approaches its wide open "position, substantia ly as described.

3. In combination with a carburetor having an air inlet, a mixture outlet and a throttle valve in the said outlet and a constant level chamber, a fuel nozzle having a .fuel feeding orifice below the level maintained in the constant level chamber, a U- shaped air conduit having one arm opening into the interior ofthe 'said nozzle at a point above the maintained fuel level andv the other arm opening into the atmosphere, an air inlet permanently open to the atmosphere in the said U-shaped conduit situated at the .lower extremity of the said first-mentioned arm, a valve for closing the orifice in the said second arm, the said valve being normally biased by a spring to the open position, a lever on the shaft of the said throttle valve adapted to move the said spring controlled'valve to closed position when the said throttle valve approaches its wide open position and means interposed in the said LOUIS LEON VIEL. 

